do sb sth 结构用法归纳

do sb sth 结构用法归纳
一、do sb a favour的用法
该结构表示“帮助某人”，也可说成do a favour for sb，注意其中有不定冠词。如：
Would you do me a favour please? 请你帮我个忙，好吗?
He is always ready to do a favour for his classmates. 他总是乐于帮助同学。
以下各句均可表示“劳驾请把窗户打开”。注意，当 favour 后有定语修饰时，其前习惯上要用定冠词： Do me a favour and open the window.
Do me a favour by opening the window.
Do me a favour—open the window, please.
Do me the favour to open the window.
Do me the favour of opening the window.
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二、do sb good的用法
该结构表示“对某人有益或有好处”，其中的 good 为不可数名词。如：
Exercise will do you good. 运动对你会有好处。
Eat more fruit—it will do you good. 多吃水果，这对你有好处。
A week’s vacation will do you a lot of good. Go on with the treatment. It is doing you good. 你要继续进行这种疗法。它对你是有效的。

三、do sb harm 的用法
该结构表示“对某人有害”，其中的 harm 为不可数名词。如：
Smoking does harm to your health. 吸烟对你的身体有害。
A few late nights never did anyone any harm. 熬几个晚上的夜对人绝无害处。Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。Whether it will注：也可说成 do harm to sb。如：Such books do great harm to young people.=Such books do young people great harm. 那样的书对年青人危害很大。

四、do sb honour 的用法
该结构也可说成do honour to sb，它有以下两个方面的意思：
1. 对某人表示敬意或纪念。如：They did honour to the dead. 他们向死者致敬。
2. 给某人带来荣誉或使某人受到尊敬。如： His contributions to science do honour to our country. 他在科学上的贡献为祖国增了光。
We attended his birthday party to do him honour. /We attended his birthday party to do honour to him. 我们参加了他的生日晚会以表示对他的敬意。注意：do sb the honour of doing [to do] sth 的意思是do sb the honour of doing [to do] sth “给某人面子做某事”“给某人做某事的荣幸”。如：Would you do me the honour of dancing with me?=Would you do me the honour to dance with me? 能请你跳曲舞吗?

五、do sb a kindness的用法
该结构表示“好心地为某人做某事”“帮某人的忙”，其中的 kindness 为可数名词。如：Will you do me a kindness? 你愿帮我个忙吗?He has done me many kindness. 他帮了我不少忙。

六、do sb a service的用法
该结构表示“帮某人的忙”，注意其中有不定冠词。如：Will you do me a service? 帮我个忙好吗? You did me a great service by telling me the truth. 你把实情告诉我，这对我很有好处。
七、do sb wrong的用法该结构表示“冤枉某人”“冤屈某人”，wrong 前通常不用冠词，但若有形容词修饰，也可用不定冠词修饰。如：You did me wrong. 你冤枉我了。You did me wrong. He did her a terrible wrong. 他真的是太冤屈她了